Linux

What is Linux "Linux"?



Linux is - the simplest expression - operating system. And operating systems are computer programs that allow applications and users to access the computer hardware to perform the requested operation. The operating system to transfer something from one of the applications, for example, the computer processor. The processor then the implementation of the required task, and then sends the results to the application by the operating system. Thus the operating system plays the role of a link between the various computer parts.
It is the above definition shows us that Linux is very similar to any other operating system such as Windows "windows" and OS X. But in fact there is a difference distinguishes the Linux operating system from the rest of other operating systems. In 2008, the form of the Linux operating system the size of the $ 25 billion system.
Since its inception in 1991, the expansion of Linux to become a powerful force in the world of computing, turned on everything from the New York Stock Exchange through with mobile phones and the end of the giant consumer devices with computers.
Because Linux is an open operating system, the development is in a cooperative manner, in the sense that no one company is responsible individually for the development or support of a Linux system. Share to contribute to the economic share of Linux research and development costs with its partners and competitors companies. Thus, the development of Linux among businesses and individuals contributed to the distribution of the burden positively to the creation of a large and effective developmental environment and a lot of software innovations unexpressed.
Participate in each new release of the Linux kernel more than 1,000 developers in more than 100 different companies, in the last two years alone posted more than 3,200 developers from 200 companies in the development of the Linux kernel, which is - any Alnoah- which constitute only a small part of the system to Linux .
This article will review the variety of Linux components, how it is manufactured and how they are linked to each other, as the article also will cover the Linux community and the impact of Linux on the technical system in general.
Where is using Linux?

One of attributes for Linux is "Where we can use Linux." Where we find that Nadoz windows and OS X are often used in personal computers, such as desktop and laptop while the other operating systems, such as Symbian Symbian, are used in small devices such as mobile phones and PDAs, the giant computers in labs academic and major companies are used specialized operating systems such as the AS / 400 and OS Cray.
Linux on the other hand, he began to run as a server and then proved its quality as a system run my office, and today can use Linux in a lot of devices, ranging from clocks and even supercomputers.
The following is a short list containing some of the most popular electronic devices that use the Linux operating system:

Dell Inspiron Mini 9 and 12 device for laptop

Garmin Nuvi 860, 880, and 5000 GPS

Google Android

HP Mini 1000

Lenovo IdeaPad S9

Motorola of MotoRokr EM35

One Laptop Per Child XO2

  TVs from Sony Bravia

  Reader from Sony

Digital recorder from TiVo

  Navigation system in the Volvo Cars

  Panel Yamaha Moti keys

Development

Linux is an operating system made up of several programming languages, a large proportion of Linux developed in C (by 52.86%) or C ++ by (25.65%), the rest of the programming languages ​​show by mono, where topping languages ​​such as Java and Perl and the rest of the Lisp programming language.

Linux kernel itself, mostly consisting of C language, by more than approximately 95%, but other programming languages ​​appear in the kernel is installed as well, to make it more heterogeneous than other operating systems.

Kernel community has developed different ways to handle allowing the provision of fixed products and develop high-quality environment in environments containing thousands of scripts are changing on a daily basis, this means that the process of the development of the Linux kernel differ significantly from the development of roads in the owned programs.

The development of the Linux kernel may appear contrary and threatened new developers, but there are good reasons and experiences steadfast behind these operations, the developer who does not understand the ways of the kernel community, or worse, of trying to ridicule or circumvent them, will go through a terrible experience. Development community, although they are helping those who ask for help, they will not have wasted their time for those who do not listen or do not care about the development of ways.

Although a large number of Linux developers continue to use text editors such as Emacs or Vim scripts to develop software, a development environments such as Eclipse, Ntpinz and Anjuta provides integrated development environments and a strong fit for the Linux environment

Kali Linux system is a distribution to test advanced penetration and auditor in the field of computer security.

Cali is the re-building the Linux BackTrack from scratch, while adhering to the development of Debian standards. It was the work of a new structure with a review of all the tools and compressed also been transferred control system versions to Git.

More than 300 tool for penetration testing: After a review of the tools that are included in BackTrack, we have removed a large number of tools that do not work or that have the alternative does the same job.

Free and always will remain so: Linux Cali, like its predecessor, Free and always will remain so, you will never need to buy Cali.

Git tree open source: We are supporters of open-source software and the development tree of our available-for-all and all sources are available for those who want to rebuild the packages.

Identical to the FHS: Cali has been developed to make it conform to the hierarchy file system Filesystem Hierarchy Standard gauge, allowing all users of Cali select files easily.

Extensive support for cards Allowaarls: Cali has been developed to make it supports the largest possible number of cards Allowaarls, allowing him to work properly on a wide variety of hardware and make it compatible with USB and many other wireless devices.

Custom kernel patched for injection: Kmokhtbra breakthrough, the development team often needs to perform wireless assessments, the nucleus has the latest injection patches.

Safe development: team work Linux Cali environment consists of a small group of reliable individuals who can only install packages and interact with warehouses using secure protocols.

Packages and Warehouses signed GPG: Cali all packages signed by the developer when the construction, installation and warehouses are signed later.

Multi-language: Although the bulk of penetration testing tools in the English language, but we have the support of Cali to make it multi-language allowing more users to work in their native language and to identify the tools they need.

Negotiable change: We understand that some people would not approve the design decisions we have taken so that made it feasible to change in the easiest possible by the most adventurous of users and so right up until the nucleus.

Support ARMEL and ARMHF: Since ARM systems have become less Oktheranchara and commissioned, we are aware that the support of the Cali ARM systems must be strong, which made us grow up copies support ARMEL and ARMHF. Kali Linux has an integrated ARM warehouses with a major distribution so it will update the ARM tools with the distribution. Cali Halaaojhzh ARM supports the following:

rk3306 mk / ss808

Raspberry Pi

ODROID U2 / X2

MK802 / MK802 II

Samsung Chromebook

Cali distribution specifically designed for penetration testing and so all the articles on this site assume prior knowledge of the Linux operating system.